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var slides = [{"elements":[{"elements":[{"text":"Ancient\nGreeks, Romans, Egyptians, Celts, and other once-great civilizations fascinate\npresent minds not only because of the great things they achieved without\nthe help of modern science and technology, but also because much of their experience\nand understanding has been lost. The secrets of these civilizations are\nenticing puzzles to us now.","level":0,"displayType":"paragraph"},{"text":"Many\nshards of data, traditions, and lore indicate that we have an incomplete\npicture of human civilization's early days. Whole civilizations, some with\nadvanced technology, may have long since passed. Human culture, at the very\nleast, extends much further back in time than history acknowledges. There are\nmany secrets in our ancient history, yet there may be clues to those riddles\nall over the world in the shape of buried cities, old architecture, enigmatic\nhieroglyphics, artwork, and other artifacts.","level":0,"displayType":"paragraph"},{"text":"The\nworld's oldest computer is only roughly 2,000 years older than the \"first\ncomputer we know of.\" Indeed, the incredible Antikythera Mechanism — a\ndeteriorated clocklike item discovered among the remnants of a drowned ship –\ncould reveal that complex scientific technology existed far before we ever\nimagined. This enigmatic Greek device foretold solar eclipses, arranged the\ncalendar into four-year cycles, and is thought to have been invented by famed\nastrologer and engineer Archimedes. Researchers assume that many more were\ncreated about the same time in 100 B.C.E.","level":0,"displayType":"paragraph"}],"displayType":"section"},{"text":"1. Antikythera\nMechanism","level":2,"displayType":"header"},{"imageUrl":"/static/288467b0-59cc-4179-8be2-492345ed63db.jpeg","caption":"Wikimedia Commons","displayType":"image"}]},{"elements":[{"text":"2. Pumapunku","level":2,"displayType":"header"},{"imageUrl":"/static/ce6f51b4-4637-42f2-b809-eac8ab7d64fc.jpeg","caption":"Wikimedia Commons","displayType":"image"},{"elements":[{"text":"Puma\nPunku is one of four structural layouts of Tiwanaku, South America's ancient\nPre-Inca capital. Because the megalithic ruins have been looted since their\ndiscovery, specialists believe they have been tainted in every way possible.\nThey are thought to be older than the pyramids, with estimates ranging from\n15,000 to 20,000 years old. Its origin was unknown even to the Incas. The\nenormous stones used in the building were perfectly cut to interlock with one\nanother and display no chisel marks. The builders apparently had a strong grasp\nof stone-cutting, engineering, and geometry because many of the stones were cut\nso neatly.","level":0,"displayType":"paragraph"}],"displayType":"section"}]},{"elements":[{"text":"3. Baghdad\nBattery","level":2,"displayType":"header"},{"imageUrl":"/static/05f60216-7f93-45de-b27a-148cb7ac0491.jpeg","caption":"Wikimedia Commons","displayType":"image"},{"elements":[{"text":"When\nelectronics were not yet invented, what need would ancient people have for\nbatteries? But mysteriously there were batteries made during that time. The\nBaghdad Battery is a tiny clay jar with an iron rod hanging in a copper\ncylinder that is soldered shut and sealed with asphalt that was discovered near\nBaghdad, Iraq in 1936. Since then, replicas have been created that can generate\nmodest amounts of electricity, demonstrating the battery's potential, but the\nmystery of what the battery was used for will likely never be answered.","level":0,"displayType":"paragraph"}],"displayType":"section"}]},{"elements":[{"text":"4. Gobleki\nTepe","level":2,"displayType":"header"},{"imageUrl":"/static/69504f60-47ac-491f-a671-a04a60630792.jpeg","caption":"Wikimedia Commons","displayType":"image"},{"elements":[{"text":"The\nrecently found temple complex in south-eastern Turkey, which dates back to the\nend of the last ice age (12, 000 years ago), has been deemed the most\nmysterious archaeological discovery of contemporary times. Its\nconstruction suggests a degree of expertise and intricacy not previously linked\nwith Palaeolithic civilizations, predating pottery, writing, the wheel, and\nmetallurgy. The site contains 20 round constructions and beautifully carved\npillars ranging in height of 18 feet and weighing 15 tons each. No\none really knows for sure who built the monument or why, but if they were the\nfirst civilization, how did the supposed hunter-gatherers have extensive\nknowledge of construction and stonework?","level":0,"displayType":"paragraph"}],"displayType":"section"}]},{"elements":[{"text":"5. Nimrud\nLens","level":2,"displayType":"header"},{"imageUrl":"/static/8e2d4f52-f098-4735-814e-f7a56c69ec5a.png","caption":"The British Museum ","displayType":"image"},{"elements":[{"text":"The\n3,000-year-old Nimrud lens was unearthed in Iraq's Nimrud palace. Scientists\nand historians have argued the lens's usage since its discovery over a century\nago, with one notable Italian professor suggesting the lens was used by the\nancient Assyrians as part of a telescope, explaining how the Assyrians\nunderstood so much about astronomy. It has a slightly oval shape and is\ncomposed of natural rock crystals. The original application of the Nimrud lens\nhas been the subject of much controversy. Some people believe it was used as a\nmagnifying glass or a burning glass to kindle fires by concentrating sunlight,\nwhile others believe it was part of a telescope.","level":0,"displayType":"paragraph"}],"displayType":"section"}]},{"elements":[{"text":"6. Coso\nArtifact","level":2,"displayType":"header"},{"imageUrl":"/static/1cb3557d-45e5-41a9-a870-40d022813d85.jpeg","caption":"Wikimedia Commons","displayType":"image"},{"elements":[{"text":"When\na spark plug was discovered encased inside a 500,000-year-old lump of hard\nrock, Pseudoarchaeologists and others speculated that the Coso artifact could\nbe evidence of a hyper-advanced ancient society such as Atlantis, alien\nvisitations to prehistoric Earth, or time travelers. To say the least, all of\nthe explanations are improbable, but experts haven't been able to come up with\na better one - owing to the fact that the Coso Artifact has inexplicably\nvanished and is thus unavailable for investigation.","level":0,"displayType":"paragraph"}],"displayType":"section"}]},{"elements":[{"text":"7. Phaistos\nDisc","level":2,"displayType":"header"},{"imageUrl":"/static/1705e3e1-1b00-47e7-bd6a-d78d1d2294f8.jpeg","caption":"Wikimedia Commons","displayType":"image"},{"elements":[{"text":"The\nPhaistos Disc is a mysterious object about which we know very little. It's\ncomposed of clay. It could be as old as the second millennium B.C.E. Its\norigin, significance, and purpose, however, remain a mystery. The disc, which\nwas discovered in Crete, contains 241 imprints of 45 different symbols, some of\nwhich are easily recognized as humans, tools, plants, and animals. However,\narchaeologists have been unable to provide a meaningful examination of its\ncontent because no other artifacts from the same historical period have been\ndiscovered.","level":0,"displayType":"paragraph"}],"displayType":"section"}]},{"elements":[{"text":"8. Nan\nMadol","level":2,"displayType":"header"},{"imageUrl":"/static/237da078-32fe-4ee2-84d2-0e81271cfed0.jpeg","caption":"Wikimedia Commons","displayType":"image"},{"elements":[{"text":"The\nancient city of Nan Madol is located off the coast of Micronesia's Pohnpei\nisland. The city is interconnected by a multiplicity of canals and connected\nvia subterranean tunnels and is built on a coral reef exclusively from giant\nbasalt rocks (some weighing up to 50 tons). There are no records of who built\nthe city, when it was established, or why it was built. It was built around 200\nBCE, according to radiocarbon dating. The origins of the basalt boulders that\nmake up the city are unknown, as are the methods utilized to transport and\nstack them up to 50 feet tall and 17 feet thick. Archaeologists have discovered\nhuman bones that are significantly larger than those of today's Micronesians in\nthe area.","level":0,"displayType":"paragraph"}],"displayType":"section"}]},{"elements":[{"text":"9. Saqqara\nBird","level":2,"displayType":"header"},{"imageUrl":"/static/dc5e8d4e-c672-4ca0-b0ed-15e6dcdb1332.jpeg","caption":"Wikimedia Commons","displayType":"image"},{"elements":[{"text":"The\nSaqqara Bird is a bird-shaped artifact constructed from the wood of a sycamore\ntree that was discovered during the 1898 excavation of the Pa-di-Imen tomb in\nSaqqara, Egypt. It dates back to around 200 BC – 2200 years ago, weighing\nlittle under 40 grams and having a wingspan of more than 7 inches. Due to a\nlack of documents and other information, various people have speculated about\nits purpose. Indeed, the ancient Egyptians were well-versed in aviation\nprinciples, but it's unclear how this translated to the artifact.","level":0,"displayType":"paragraph"}],"displayType":"section"}]},{"elements":[{"text":"10. Stone\nSpheres of Costa Rica","level":2,"displayType":"header"},{"imageUrl":"/static/c6718a0f-499e-4fd5-ae9e-7c427abe491d.jpeg","caption":"Wikimedia Commons","displayType":"image"},{"elements":[{"text":"Costa\nRica is home to the massive, giant-sized stone spheres, which date back to 600\nA.D. \"Las Bolas,\" or \"The Ball,\" is how the locals refer to\nthem. The majority of these rocks are composed of gabbro, a molten\nmagma-derived rock. They were created before the arrival of the Spanish.\nArchaeologists believe that inhabitants of ancient culture carved flawless\ncircles out of little stones. Some non-experts, on the other hand, believe that\nthese spheres were utilized for astronomy. Others believe the rocks served as\nnavigational aids. It's merely a guess as to what the genuine reason is.","level":0,"displayType":"paragraph"}],"displayType":"section"}]}];
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